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}} The Gull Rock Light Station is an active lighthouse located on Gull Rock, just west of Manitou Island, off the tip of Michigan's Keweenaw Peninsula in Lake Superior. The light was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984,〔 even as its condition deteriorated, resulting in its placement on the Lighthouse Digest Doomsday List.〔 == History == The diminutive island is the “peak of an underwater mountain” between the tip if the Keweenaw Peninsula and Manitou Island.〔 The bay on the eastern side of the Keweenaw Peninsula offers protection to mariners from the prevailing northwestern winds on Lake Superior; however, the passage by Gull Rock, a tiny islet about one-half mile off Manitou Island's western tip, proved a serious threat.〔(Gull Rock Light Station ) from the state of Michigan, retrieved 8/19/09〕 With that in mind, in 1866 Congress appropriated $15,000 for lighthouse construction on Gull Rock.〔 Construction began in 1867〔 and the light was put into service on November 1 of the same year.〔 The lighthouse shares its design with that of Granite Island Light and Huron Island Light Station.〔(Terry Pepper, Seeing the Light, Gull Rock Island Light Station. )〕 In 1901, a retaining wall was built northeast of the structure to protect the lighthouse from waves washing over the island.〔 In 1913, the light was automated and responsibility for care of the light was transferred to the keeper of the nearby Manitou Island Light Station.〔 Since that time, Gull Rock was all but abandoned and the station fell into disrepair.〔 In 2005, the station was transferred to the Gull Rock Lightkeepers, a nonprofit organization.〔 They are working to restore the lighthouse, which is still an active navigational aid.〔 The original Fourth Order Fresnel lens was manufactured by Barbier and Fenestre of Paris.〔 It is said to be on display at Whitefish Point Great Lakes Shipwreck Museum, although Terry Pepper claims that the lens may be misidentified. Lighthouse painted white; lantern and gallery painted black; roofs are red. Gravely endangered by erosion and wave action, this lighthouse is on the Lighthouse Digest Doomsday List.〔 The lighthouse exterior was recently repaired and painted. The interior had been left open, and is in ruins with the removed roof jettisoned into it, and it suffered extensive water damage.〔(Shook, Jeff, (Michigan Lighthouse Conservancy) Terry Pepper, Interior photograph of Gull Island Light. )〕 The rocky shoals claimed six vessels, namely: Spokane (October 28, 1907), E.N. Saunders (May 30, 1910), L.C. Waldo (November 8, 1913), Taurus (November 27, 1918), Samuel Mather (October 19, 1923), Charles C. West (September 7, 1926). All were salvaged and removed to sail another day. The likely culprit was low visibility due to fog. The failure to place a fog signal would have been a factor. It is said that this was a low priority area, used by relatively few vessels, “as a short-cut . . . to find safety on the lee side of the point during northerly storms, (not ) a normal traffic route.”〔(Nelson, Don, ''Gull Rock Lighthouse'' (April, 2002) ) Lighthouse Digest.〕 As noted by Terry Pepper, the author of ''Seeing the Light'' and the Director of the Great Lakes Light Keepers Association: "Two hundred and fifty feet in length and one hundred feet in width, the highest point of Gull Rock stood less than twelve feet above the water under the calmest conditions, becoming virtually invisible in the gray darkness of stormy days when vessels were most likely to be threading their way through the passage."〔 Major structural repairs were done on the light in the summer of 2012. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gull Rock Light Station」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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